Question on Schengen Visa and travel in Europe

Hi, I am on one year international rotation in Amsterdam, and just moved to here last week. So I am indeed a new comer.

During this year, I would like to travel as many places in Europe as I can. Before I do so, I would like to ask you guys for some advice. Please drop a line when you have a second. Also, I would appreciate your input on how exactly Schengen visa works when we travel abroad. Beside, does anyone know how easy or difficulty to apply a UK visa in Amsterdam? How long will it take? Thanks in advance!

Schengen visa gives you the right to travel in Schengen countries, which now also include some eastern European countries.
As for the visa to UK, pls refer to the following website:
http://www.ukvisas.gov.uk